打卡,第16天
失眠的感觉真难受。。。一天都想睡觉,但是却睡不着,sad。
Suppose an array sorted in ascending order is rotated at some pivot unknown to you beforehand.
(i.e., 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 might become 4 5 6 7 0 1 2).
You are given a target value to search. If found in the array return its index, otherwise return -1.
You may assume no duplicate exists in the array.
在有序的数组中进行查找,显然第一个想到的就是二分查找啦,不过题目给的数组是多了一个限定条件,就是这个数组被rotated
了,所以,显然直接用二分查找是不行的。
观察4 5 6 7 0 1 2
,我们可以发现如果我们可以找到7
这个位置,我们就可以得到两个有序数组,可以进行二分查找,所以一个简单直观的想法就是:
if (nums[first] > nums[last]) {
while(last >= 0 && nums[first] > nums[last] && nums[last] < target)
last--;
while(first <= last && nums[first] > nums[last] && nums[first] > target)
first++;
}
//binarySearch
但是这样的时间复杂度就是O(n)
了,显然不是我们想要的结果,我们可以对这个转折点进行一次二分查找:
if(nums[first] > nums[last]) {
int f= first,l = last;
//找转折点
while(f <= l) {
mid = (f + l)/2;
if (nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1]) break;
else if (nums[mid] > nums[first]) f = mid + 1;
else if (nums[mid] < nums[last]) l = mid;
}
if (target > nums[last]) last = mid;
else if (target < nums[first]) first = mid + 1;
else if (target == nums[first]) return first;
else return last;
}
//binary Serarch
这样的时间复杂度就是O(2*logn)
了。
完整代码:
int search(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
int first = 0,last = nums.size() - 1;
int mid;
if (last < 0) return -1;
if(nums[first] > nums[last]) {
int f= first,l = last;
//找转折点
while(f <= l) {
mid = (f + l)/2;
if (nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1]) break;
else if (nums[mid] > nums[first]) f = mid + 1;
else if (nums[mid] < nums[last]) l = mid;
}
if (target > nums[last]) last = mid;
else if (target < nums[first]) first = mid + 1;
else if (target == nums[first]) return first;
else return last;
}
cout << first << last;
//binary search
while(first <= last) {
int mid = (first + last)/2;
if (nums[mid] == target) return mid;
else if (nums[mid] < target) first = mid + 1;
else last = mid - 1;
}
return -1;
}
不过显然这不是最优的方法啦,毕竟要O(2*logn)
,事实上只需要对二分查找进行修改,就可以直接运用了,恩,这是在dicuss
中看到的方法:
public int search(int[] A, int target) {
int lo = 0;
int hi = A.length - 1;
while (lo < hi) {
int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
if (A[mid] == target) return mid;
if (A[lo] <= A[mid]) {
if (target >= A[lo] && target < A[mid]) {
hi = mid - 1;
} else {
lo = mid + 1;
}
} else {
if (target > A[mid] && target <= A[hi]) {
lo = mid + 1;
} else {
hi = mid - 1;
}
}
}
return A[lo] == target ? lo : -1;
}